What are Database URLs in JDBC?
Why and how to specify a JDBC Driver name?
How to create a connection to a Database?
An example on how to connect to a MySQL Database?
What are Database URLs in JDBC?
URL stands for "Uniform Resource Locator". You will be familiar with HTTP URLs that you normally use to access a web site e.g. http://www.stardeveloper.com. URLs are used to identify a resource using a unique name.
Same goes for database URLs in JDBC. JDBC requires that all database connection strings should be represented by URLs. The URLs used in JDBC have following structure:
jdbc:subprotocol:subname
In HTTP you begin a URL with the protocol name i.e. http:, similarly in JDBC driver URLs, you start the URL with protocol name i.e. jdbc:. Next subprotocol represents the database you want to connect to e.g. mysql, oracle, odbc etc. While subname provides additional information on how and where to connect.
Examples of Database URLs
Following are some examples of JDBC database URLs:
jdbc:odbc:dsn_name;UID=your_uid;PWD=your_pwd - JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver URL.
jdbc:oracle:thin:@machine_name:port_number:instance_name - Orace Type 4 JDBC Driver.
jdbc:mysql://host_name:port/dbname - MySQL Connector/J JDBC Driver.
Why and how to specify a JDBC Driver name?
Next thing you need to know besides the database URL is the full class name of your JDBC driver e.g. com.mysql.jdbc.Driver in case of MySQL Connector/J JDBC driver. The name of the driver is a requirement and is not optional.
You can tell JVM about what driver/s to use by using one of the following methods:
To load the the driver/s at JVM startup, specify the driver/s in jdbc.drivers system property like this:
java -Djdbc.drivers=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver YourJavaProgram
To explicitly load the driver, use Class.forName() method in your code like this:
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
The example discussed in this tutorial makes use of the second option discussed above.
How to create a connection to a Database?
To create a connection to a database, you will have to use java.sql.DriverManager's getConnection() method. This method takes as an argument the database URL (that we discussed earlier) you want to connect to. It then internally finds the appropriate driver which has been loaded in the JVM and then delegates the work of creating the connection to that driver.
An example on how to connect to a MySQL Database?
After learning the theory behind connecting to a database, we'll now move on to create a Java program which will connect to a MySQL database running on your local system.
Why and how to specify a JDBC Driver name?
How to create a connection to a Database?
An example on how to connect to a MySQL Database?
What are Database URLs in JDBC?
URL stands for "Uniform Resource Locator". You will be familiar with HTTP URLs that you normally use to access a web site e.g. http://www.stardeveloper.com. URLs are used to identify a resource using a unique name.
Same goes for database URLs in JDBC. JDBC requires that all database connection strings should be represented by URLs. The URLs used in JDBC have following structure:
jdbc:subprotocol:subname
In HTTP you begin a URL with the protocol name i.e. http:, similarly in JDBC driver URLs, you start the URL with protocol name i.e. jdbc:. Next subprotocol represents the database you want to connect to e.g. mysql, oracle, odbc etc. While subname provides additional information on how and where to connect.
Examples of Database URLs
Following are some examples of JDBC database URLs:
jdbc:odbc:dsn_name;UID=your_uid;PWD=your_pwd - JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver URL.
jdbc:oracle:thin:@machine_name:port_number:instance_name - Orace Type 4 JDBC Driver.
jdbc:mysql://host_name:port/dbname - MySQL Connector/J JDBC Driver.
Why and how to specify a JDBC Driver name?
Next thing you need to know besides the database URL is the full class name of your JDBC driver e.g. com.mysql.jdbc.Driver in case of MySQL Connector/J JDBC driver. The name of the driver is a requirement and is not optional.
You can tell JVM about what driver/s to use by using one of the following methods:
To load the the driver/s at JVM startup, specify the driver/s in jdbc.drivers system property like this:
java -Djdbc.drivers=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver YourJavaProgram
To explicitly load the driver, use Class.forName() method in your code like this:
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
The example discussed in this tutorial makes use of the second option discussed above.
How to create a connection to a Database?
To create a connection to a database, you will have to use java.sql.DriverManager's getConnection() method. This method takes as an argument the database URL (that we discussed earlier) you want to connect to. It then internally finds the appropriate driver which has been loaded in the JVM and then delegates the work of creating the connection to that driver.
An example on how to connect to a MySQL Database?
After learning the theory behind connecting to a database, we'll now move on to create a Java program which will connect to a MySQL database running on your local system.
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